1. During your assembly line software implementation project, you find that training is not progressing as quickly as the schedule requires and the users are not able to do their work after completing the sessions. After investigating the situation, you discover the trainers do not have the proper experience and knowledge to effectively train your users. Which statement best describes the impact this situation has on the project and the effect your needed actions to rectify the situation will have?
A) The quality and schedule are being negatively impacted. To fix the situation, you likely have to hire more experienced trainers at a higher rate and schedule extra training sessions. Quality and schedule return to planned values while cost increases.
2. What is the relationship between a project and a product?
A) A project creates a product.
3. What are the three main types of organizational structures?
A) Functional, matrix and project-oriented
4. What are the process groups of project management?
A) Initiating, planning, executing, monitoring and controlling, and closing
5. Which of the following would not be considered an enterprise environmental factor (EEF)?
A) Your company’s policies
6. What are the key skills a project manager needs to be successful?
A) Leadership, technical project management, business acumen
7. Regarding the importance of management and leadership in projects, all the following statements are false except which one?
A) Managing is primarily concerned with consistently producing key results expected by stakeholders.
8. You are a project manager working for a regional hospital company. You have been assigned the responsibility to manage a project that performs monthly security vulnerability assessments and addresses any identified vulnerabilities. You question the assignment because
A) The recurring nature of the assessment in addition to the lack of a target end date means that this endeavor is not a project at all.
9. What are the two most important attributes that describe a project according to the Project Management Institute (PMI)?
A) Produces a unique product, service, or result and is a temporary endeavor
10. What is the relationship between a project, a program, and a portfolio?
A) A portfolio can consist of programs and projects; a program is a group of related projects.
11. At what point in a project’s life cycle is the level of uncertainty and risk the highest?
A) At the beginning
12. Which of the following would be considered project constraints?
A) Quality, resources, schedule, and budget
13. Project managers need solid communication, leadership, and negotiation skills primarily because
A) They may be leading a team with no direct control over the individual team members.
14. Who are considered some of the stakeholders on a project?
A) Project manager, customers, end users, operations
15. Which of the following are some of the eight performance domains of project management?
A) Team, measurement, uncertainty
16. Which of the following are common functions associated with projects?
A) Perform work and contribute insights, provide business direction and insight, maintain governance
17. Which of the following are some of the Twelve Project Management Principles per PMI?
A) Effectively engage with stakeholders; focus on value; enable change to achieve the envisioned future state
18. Your functional manager has told you that she will be responsible for making all key decisions on the project, but you will have the authority to delegate tasks to team members. What is your role?
A) Project coordinator
19. Which of the following statements best describes the influence of stakeholders over the life of a predictive project?
A) Stakeholder influence is the highest at the beginning and tends to decrease throughout the project.
20. During your HR software implementation project, two project team members are have difficulty working together. They come to you, the project manager, for help with resolving the issues. You immediately set up a meeting that includes the functional manager. After the meeting, you and the functional manager discuss the issues and agree on a solution. This type of management probably indicates you are working in what type of organizational structure?
A) Balanced matrix
21. A project manager for a life insurance company is trying to complete a package application implementation project but is unable to get the planned amount of time from key resources to complete some of the critical path tasks. The key resources are focused on completing their day- to-day tasks, and the project manager does not control the work assignments for these people. This scenario is an example of what type of organization?
A) Functional
22. Which of the following are some of the 10 knowledge areas of project management?
A) Integration management, cost management, stakeholder management
23. How does a project manager role differ from a Scrum master and product owner on hybrid agile projects?
A) The project manager is focused on the overall project performance. The Scrt process. The product owner is focused on the product being delivered.
24. Which of the following would be considered an OPA?
A). Standard operating procedures for your organization
25. What are three different types of PMOs?
A) Supportive, controlling, direclive
26. What is a System for Value Delivery?
A) A collection of strategic business activities aimed at building, sustaining, and/or advancing an organization
27. What are some common project constraints that a project manager must balance?
A) Resources, scope, schedule
28. Which of the following statements best describes the relationship between project life cycle phases and project management processes?
A) Project management processes can repeat within a project life cycle.
29. What are some of the resources often included in the organizational process assets?
A) Methodologies, templates, document libraries, policies, and procedures
30. What is project management per PMI?
A) The application of knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to project activities to meet project requirements
1. Which list best describes an agile development approach?
A) Collaboration, expects change, deliver working product frequently, self-organizing teams
2. Which of the following statements is not true regarding the relationship between project deliverables, delivery cadence, development approach, and project life cycle?
A) A project life cycle cannot include multiple development approaches and delivery cadences.
3. Which of the following options best describe how determining the development approach and the project life cycle impacts project planning? (Choose two.)
1. The development approach selection and the project life cycle determination are key aspects of project planning.
2. The development approach(es) selected will determine when and how frequently additional detail planning will occur.
4. What is meant by delivery cadence?
A) The timing and frequency of project deliverables.
5. Why are the development approach and project life cycle important to a project?
The development approach and subsequent project life cycle must support the effective delivery of business and stakeholder value from the beginning to the end of the project.
6. Which delivery cadence option indicates there will be multiple deliveries of the product on a fixed schedule?
A) Periodic
7. A project is charged with deploying a new customer relationship management software package, a supporting mobile application, updating a legacy application, revising business processes, and supporting training modules for an organization that is new to adaptive approaches. Based on the nature and type of deliverables listed, what development approach(es) will likely be used for this project?
A) Hybrid for all deliverables
8. Which of the following statements is not true regarding incremental and iterative development approaches?
A) Iterative approaches involve developing and deploying the final solution in pieces.
9. which of the following descriptions would be considered examples of a hybrid development approach? (Choose two.)
1. Requirements, Design 1, Develop 1, Test 1, Deploy 1, Design 2, Develop 2, Test 2, Deploy 2
2. Requirements, Sprint 1, Sprint 2, Sprint N, User Acceptance Testing, Deploy
10. Which option contains valid deliverable variables that should be considered when selecting a development approach?
A) Requirements certainty, ease of change, safety and regulatory requirements
11. Which option best describes the typical relationship between project deliverables, delivery cadence, development approach, and project life cycle?
A) Deliverable type => development approach => delivery cadence => project life cycle
12. What is the best definition of a project life cycle?
A) The series of phases that a project passes through from start to completion
13. All of the following are common characteristics of Scrum agile development approaches except which one?
A) Each sprint results in a working product that can be delivered to production.
14. Which option best describes traits of adaptive/agile development approaches?
A) Iterative and incremental development approaches, constant feedback loops, changes are expected
15. What is the difference between project life cycles and development life cycles?
A) The project life cycle is influenced by the development approach life cycle but includes all the work of the project.
16. Which option best describes the factors that need to be considered when determining the development approach for a project?
A) All pertinent deliverable, project, and organizational variables
17. Which development approach should be used if the project is determined to be a high- risk project?
A) It depends on the nature of the risks involved.
18. What is the difference between an incremental and iterative development approach?
A) Iterative development is used when progressive elaboration is needed to clarify and refine an initial idea, concept, or vision. Incremental development is focused on delivering components of the deliverable over a period time.
19. Which of the following options describe a project life cycle? (Choose two.) A)
1. Define, iteration 1, iteration 2, iteration 3, iteration N, deployment, close
2. Planning-, requirements, development, testing, deployment, close
20. Which of the following would not be considered when determining the development approach to be used?
A) Organizational performance management process
1. Your project has a tight deadline, and planning needs to start immediately; otherwise, there may be risks of delays. The sponsor has not signed the project charter and will not be available for another two weeks. What should you do?
A). Explain the urgency of the situation to the sponsor but do not start work until you have a signed project charter.
2. The agile team and product owner are in a meeting discussing a feature, but there is much confusion between team members about the coding. After some discussion, it transpires that one developer was looking at a piece of code from the day before and another from an hour ago. What did the team probably fail to do?
A). Implement an adequate configuration management system.
3. You are an experienced team facilitator recently hired by your company to lead its first agile project. Your team members are asking which artifacts they will need to update as the project progresses. Which of the following is not an artifact used in Agile?
A). Schedule baseline
4. Your team lead has approached you with an issue that you think might be a quick and easy fix. However, this was not in the original scope of the project. What should you, as project manager, do next?
A). Perform an impact analysis.
5. Who is responsible for integrating the activities of a project?
A). The project manager
6. The project manager has completed the project management plan and sent it to the sponsor, other key stakeholders, and team leads for their approval. Upon review, one of the team leads notices an important activity is missing and requests that it be added to the project management plan. What should the project manager do?
A). Add the missing activity to the project management plan.
7. Which of the following is work performance information?
A). “We are 10 percent over budget.”
8. Of the following, which represent the purpose of creating the project charter? (Choose two.)
1. Officially authorizes the project to begin
2. Ensures stakeholders have a clear and common understanding of the project
9. Who should the project manager interact with when performing integration processes?
A). Any stakeholder
10. Which of the following are examples of business value? (Choose three.)
1. 25 percent increase in sales
2. 3 percent increase in market share.
3. Our product will be nationwide
11. You are requesting a status from your team. One team member states that they are 60 percent complete and the activity has cost $48,000 so far. How would you classify these results?
A). Work performance data
12. You are managing a small construction project, and one of the team leads informs you that there is a problem with the plumbing, but it will be a quick and easy fix. What should you do next?
A). Perform an impact assessment
13. You are managing a project for a client to move a data center and call center offshore. Many changes have been made throughout the project, but you notice that during meetings team members frequently refer to different versions of the same document, which is causing confusion. What would have prevented this?
A). Implementing an adequate configuration management system
14. You are managing a project using a new approach for your organization. There are three distinct phases that are divided into several short iterations, and each iteration will deliver a valuable product to the organization. What are these products best described as?
A). Minimum business increment
15. Which of the following are not components of the project management plan? (Choose two.)
1. Risk register
2. Requirements documentation
16. You are near the end of a sprint when a stakeholder identifies some additional requirements they would like to include. What should you do?
A). Add the requirement to the product backlog.
17. Which of the following is not documented in the project charter?
A). Team ground rules
18. Regarding change, the project manager’s attention is best spent doing which of the following?
A). Preventing unnecessary changes
1. You are part of the way through a project, but before you can move to the next stage, you need to get approval from a local government agency. What direction of influence does this government agency fall into in relation to your organization?
A). Outward
2. You are the project manager of a new project, and you know from past experience that one of the key stakeholders on the project constantly requests changes throughout a project. You want to avoid this situation. What should you do?
A). Involve the stakeholder as early as possible and request their input regularly throughout the project.
3. Which is the best way to meet stakeholders’ expectations?
A). Keep stakeholders regularly informed throughout the project.
4. When should you stop identifying stakeholders on a project?
A). When the project is closed
5. You are determining your stakeholders’ current engagement levels compared to where you want them to be. Which of the following would help you determine these levels?
A). Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
6. Which of the following tools might you use to identify stakeholders throughout your project? (Choose three.)
1. Questionnaires and surveys
2. Expert judgment
3. Meetings
7. From the following table, which stakeholder will be the project manager’s highest priority stakeholder to reach out to?
Stakeholder A
8. A new stakeholder has been identified on your project, and you are trying to determine the best approach and strategy to involve and collaborate with this stakeholder. Which artifact should you refer to?
A). Stakeholder engagement plan
9. Your project is currently over budget and behind schedule, and you are looking at the stakeholder engagement assessment matrix. From this document, what indicates to you that you need to take some action to engage and communicate with the stakeholder?
A). The C and D are in different columns.
10. A senior decision maker on your project has recently left your organization and is no longer impacted by the project, nor will this person have any influence on the project. What should you do next?
A). Update the stakeholder register identifying this person as a non-stakeholder.
11. If senior management doesn’t want you to spend time writing a project charter because they don’t see the value, what should you do?
A). Review the benefits of the project charter with them.
12. Which of the following stakeholders is the highest priority for the project manager?
A). Definitive stakeholders
13. When should you identify stakeholders on a project?
A). Throughout the project
14. Who would least likely be considered a stakeholder in the following situations?
A). A technical expert whom you sometimes refer to for advice
15. As you are performing data analysis of your stakeholders, it becomes apparent that some stakeholders are resistant to this project. You find this resistance surprising because this project would benefit those stakeholders. What would be the best approach to handle this situation?
A). Schedule a meeting with them and clearly outline the goals of the project as per the project charter and discuss the items in the benefits management plan.
16. A stakeholder is requesting project status daily but has no decision-making responsibilities on the project. How would you classify this stakeholder on the power and interest grid?
A). Keep informed
17. Of the following, who would be considered a stakeholder on a project? (Choose all that apply.)
A). Choose all that apply
18. A stakeholder has power, legitimacy, and urgency. How would you classify this stakeholder?
A). Definitive stakeholder
19. You are analyzing a document and notice that one of your stakeholders is unaware of the project, but you want them to be supportive. What document are you most likely analyzing?
A). Stakeholder engagement assessment matrix
20. A new director joins your organization, and you know that this director’s division will be highly impacted by your project. What should you do next?
A). Update the stakeholder register
1. You are an agile coach attending a meeting at the beginning of a release, and you observe that the meeting has been quite productive. The team and the product owner collaborated to determine the priority of user stories to develop the product backlog, and now the team facilitator is determining the definition of done that should be used for rest of the project. What comment would you give to the attendees of this meeting?
A). Advise the team and the team facilitator that they should work with the product owner to determine the definition of done.
2. You are the PM on a project developing a new model of smart doorbells. The doorbell will record short video clips of activity and send alerts to the user’s phone app. It will also have a function to recognize faces and automatically unlock the door for “approved” people. The project has been progressing well, and you are now in the testing phase but have already encountered some issues with the facial recognition feature of the doorbell. Your customer contact is observing some of those tests and performing some light testing themselves but is not providing any feedback or comments to the team because they know that testing is not complete. The team lead has informed you that the root cause of the problem been discovered and will take an additional 15 hours to fix. Which of the following is true?
A). The customer is validating scope.
3. Your team is on track to finish your project by the end of the year, but your customer informs you that due to a new discovery, the project has to finish a month earlier. Which artifact would you update to reflect this change?
A). Scope statement
4. Because your stakeholders are requesting additional features that they would like to add that were not part of the original scope of the project, you are analyzing the scope of these additions and ensuring these requests go through the proper change control channels. Which of the following would best describe what you are doing?
A). You are controlling the scope of the project.
5. Which of the following are components of the scope baseline?
A). WBS dictionary, WBS, scope statement
6. Which of the following agile ceremonies and predictive processes are closely related?
A). Iteration Review and Validate Scope
7. Senior management is asking about the purpose of a work breakdown structure. Of the following, what do you not tell them?
A). The WBS shows dependencies between work packages.
8. Senior management has decided to increase the scope of your project. Which of the following would you need to consult to determine the next steps?
A). Scope management plan
9. You are managing a project to create a new online shopping portal for your client, who has an international reach. Your team lead, Michael, realizes that the checkout page could be improved by the addition of a currency conversion function. Adding this function requires minimum effort, so he decides to add this in. What mistake did Michael make?
A). This is gold-plating and should have gone through the change control process.
10. You have been notified that a new senior director has joined your organization, and this director’s division will be impacted by your project. You update the stakeholder register and then reach out to the new senior director, who tells you that there are new processes for collecting requirements from the managers of this division. What should you do next?
A). Update the requirements management plan.
11. A team member hears the term Validate Scope and is confused as to its purpose. Which of the following is not a response you would give to this team member?
A). The purpose of Validate Scope is to allow the team to test the deliverable to ensure it meets all requirements.
12. Common scope failures on projects are a result of which of the following? (Choose all that apply.)
A). Choose all that apply
13. You have been reassigned to manage a project after the original PM suddenly quit. As you begin to familiarize yourself with the project, you notice that some of the functionality implemented was not part of the original project scope, and you don’t understand which requirements these activities relate to. How could the original project manager have avoided this situation?
A). The original PM should have created a requirements traceability matrix.
14. You notice that two team members are having a really hard time implementing their user stories. As you investigate further, you realize that both user stories are large and complex, so the challenge is not surprising. What should you do to address this problem?
A). Break down the large user stories into smaller user stories.
15. Which of these is an example of a user story?
A). As a call center analyst, I want to input customers’ first and last names and postal codes so that I can pull up their accounts quickly.
16. Which of the following tools can be used for requirements elicitation? (Choose two.)
1. Observation
2. Interviewing
17. You are the project manager of a systems implementation project. Your team has started testing a deliverable with the customer observing the process. The testing has uncovered many defects that are all being duly noted and submitted back to the appropriate technical team members to fix. Some of these fixes have an impact on the project, so you are performing an impact analysis and submitting the request to the CCB. Which of the following statements is correct?
A) The PM is controlling the scope, the team is performing quality control, and the customer is performing validate scope.
18. Which of the following are not part of the scope baseline? (Choose two.)
A). 1. Requirements.
2. Tasks
19. You are the team facilitator of an inexperienced but motivated agile team. The team is asking about the methods they should use to prioritize their user stories and tasks. What should you tell them? (Choose two.)
1. They should use the 100-Point Method, which distributes 100 points across the user stories.
2. They should use Paired Comparison to prioritize various factors at a time.
1. Which of the following scheduling tools would you use on an agile project? (Choose two.)
1. Iterative schedule with a backlog
2. On-demand scheduling
2. As team members work with the product owner to prioritize user stories, it has become obvious that they need a better understanding of the requirements because this is a new technology that they are not familiar with. What is the best approach to handle this situation?
A). Create a spike experiment for further investigation.
3. You are coaching your junior project managers and are trying to determine the duration of activities. You need to deliver the final product on the deadline date, but some uncertainties can affect the estimated duration of activities. Which of the following is the best tool to use?
A). Three-point estimating
4. The customer has set a strict project deadline of 85 days for completion. As you review the project schedule, you notice that one of your paths has a total float of 11 days, and another has a total float of 14 days. Your critical path has a total duration of 55 days, and one of your activities has a free float of 5 days. What is the project float?
A). 30 days
5. You have an expected activity duration of 26 days, optimistic value of 18 days, and pessimistic value of 67 days. Calculate the PERT.
A). 26 days
6. You have been told to use the critical path method using the zero-method rule with a tolerance limit of +/− 10 percent. Where would you document this?
A). Schedule management plan
7. Which of the following would be considered activities as opposed to a work package? (Choose two.)
1. Check vendor references
2. Order windows
8. You need to develop a new website for a large customer that is in the business of selling many types of household products. You know that your organization did a similar project for a similar organization and that website took six months to develop. You therefore estimate that this project will take about six months as well. Which estimating tool do you use?
A). Analogous estimating
9. What type of dependency is being described in the following situation? You are managing the modernization of a local high school building. You are about to begin the process of completely removing and remodeling the home economics classroom. The update involves removing all the current gas cooktops and replacing them with safer electric induction cooktops. To safely remove all the cooktops, you must first disconnect all the gas lines.
A). Hard logic
10. You are the manager on a project to build a new wing for the local hospital. The ribbon-cutting ceremony is set, and many high-profile local dignitaries will be present, so the deadline is set firm and approaching fast. Unfortunately, the project is behind schedule. You work with your customer to discuss the best way to bring the project back on track, and the customer decides to crash the schedule. Of the following, which is the greatest concern to you?
A). Finding the additional resources to perform the work
11. Your team is using an adaptive methodology and planning the current release. Which of the following would be the most relevant here?
A). Product roadmap
12. In which of the following methods do team members pull the work from a queue?
A). On-demand scheduling
13. Your project is running behind schedule, but you have plenty of float on some activities. You decide to move resources from noncritical path activities to critical path activities. What are you performing?
A. Resource smoothing
14. Your initial plan was to finish all configuration work before testing would start. However, due to some delays, you have decided to start testing even though configuration is not yet complete. Which of the following would best describe this situation?
A). You have changed a finish to start to a start to start relationship.
15. A junior project manager and a key stakeholder are in disagreement. The junior PM delivered the WBS to the stakeholder, who is very upset that it is incomplete. It is missing the activities, and the stakeholder wants to know how this basic mistake could have happened. How should you, as the senior PM, handle this situation?
A). Explain to the key stakeholder that the junior PM is correct not to include activities.
16. You need to clear a parking lot covered in snow and decide one person should start clearing the snow before the other person starts putting down rock salt. What relationship does this best describe?
A). Start to start
17. Your customer has approached you and told you that you now need to finish the project two weeks earlier than anticipated. What does this mean in terms of the critical path?
A). You have a negative float of two weeks.
18. You are managing a project where the product has to be delivered by a deadline that cannot be extended. You notice that one team is consistently working a lot of overtime while other teams are sometimes working less than 40 hours per week. What should you do to ensure team members’ work is spread across teams evenly?
A). You should use resource smoothing to ensure team members are optimally utilized.
19. You are managing a project to install a large machine in a manufacturing plant. You cannot start testing the machine until the machine is fully installed and configured correctly. What dependency does this describe?
A). Mandatory
1. You are reviewing an artifact that documents the formulae to use to calculate the budget, the acceptable budget tolerance range, and units of cost measurement. Which artifact are you reviewing?
A). Cost management plan
2. You are halfway through the project and have been given a new set of formulae to determine the financial health of your project. Where would these formulae be documented?
A) Cost management plan
3. You are in a meeting with some team members and discussing material costs for certain activities. Your team is tasked with painting 100 rooms for a large hotel. One of your team members thinks that each room should take about four hours to complete, including the closets, bathrooms, and all the edges and corners and should use about two gallons of paint. You know the cost each gallon of paint and the charge-out rate for each team member. What is the best estimating tool to use in this case?
A). Parametric estimating
4. You are on your third sprint, and senior management is concerned that you have not created a cost baseline yet for your project. They want you to immediately start work on creating the cost baseline. What should you do?
A). Explain to senior management that a cost baseline is not needed for this project.
5. Penny is compiling a list of costs incurred so far on a project. She must categorize these costs so that she can present the amount of direct cost incurred. Which of the following should Penny include in this list?
A). Travel expenses to the customer’s office
6. Which of the following are included in the cost baseline? (Choose three.)
1. Activity cost estimate
2. Work package cost estimate
3. Contingency reserves
7. You are estimating the cost of an activity on your project, and you come across some documentation from a prior project that would be very helpful. This activity is almost identical to the activity performed on that prior project, so you can use those figures as a direct comparison, especially in terms of scope, risks, and project team requirements. Which of the following tools provides the most accurate cost estimates?
A). Bottom-up estimating
8. You are hosting a project kickoff meeting for a high-visibility project that has a fixed deadline. Discussions include high-level scope, budget, schedule, and stakeholder involvement. A senior manager insists on a detailed budget so that they can estimate cash flows for the organization. How should you respond?
A). Advise senior management that the best you can do at this stage is a rough order of magnitude (ROM) range of −25% to +75%.
9. You are on a project to develop an aircraft engine and are working on finalizing the costs for work packages, activities, and contingency reserves. Which tool are you utilizing?
A). Cost aggregation
10. Which of the following would be an indirect cost on your project?
A). Benefits for employees in your organization
11. You have rolled onto a project where the customer has not been very happy with the progress. The scope of the project has not been defined very clearly, there are many versions of the same documentation, and stakeholders do not feel engaged on the project. Which document do you review to determine how to manage negative cost variances?
A). Cost management plan
12. How would you best classify the cost of raw materials on a project?
A). Direct
13. As project manager, you are working on finalizing the costs for all the work packages, activities, control accounts, and contingency reserves. Which document do you produce as a result of this effort?
A). Cost baseline
14. What is a rough order of magnitude (ROM) range on an estimate of $200,000?
A). $150,000–$350,000
15. You are in a meeting with team members to discuss the costs of activities. Your team will be painting 250 rooms for a large hotel chain. An experienced team member states that, based on historical experience, each room should take about three hours to complete, and from this number, you can figure out how long the whole project should take and how much it should cost. What is the best estimating tool to use in this case?
A). Parametric estimating
16. You are finalizing the costs for work packages, activities, and contingency reserves. Because this is such a large project, there are many phases and deliverables for this project, and each stage of the project requires a separate approval and sign-off. For this deliverable, you have estimated a total cost of $930,000. The senior management staff has informed you that they will be able to release only $310,000 per quarter, so you should plan activities accordingly. Which tool do you employ to do this?
A). Funding limit reconciliation
17. You are comparing actual results to the plan and making calculations to determine the project’s rate of performance. What are you doing?
A). Controlling costs
18. Earlier on this project, your team lead expressed concerns that a vendor may delay shipment of some vital raw materials for the project due to factors beyond their control. If these raw materials are not delivered on time, the entire project would come to a halt until they could be delivered. You have come to a critical point on the project, and the vendor informs you that they indeed need to delay this shipment due to these exceptional circumstances. You decide to order these raw materials from a different vendor who is going to charge a lot more. Where would you get the additional funding for the more expensive raw materials?
A). Contingency reserves because this is a known risk
19. Your customer is requesting a detailed and accurate cost estimate for an upcoming deliverable. Which of the following would you most likely use?
A) Bottom-up estimating
20. You are delivering a cost estimate to your customers, and it has taken some time to estimate. However, the customers are pleased with the estimate because there is an accurate breakdown of each detailed cost category, and they feel they are in a much more informed position to make the right decision. What estimating tool was most likely used here?
A). Bottom-up estimating
1. Per PMI, what are the three processes that comprise planning for and acquiring project resources?
A). Plan resource management, estimate activity resources, acquire resources
2. Which tools can be used by a project manager to assess the fit for any potential candidate for a project role? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Attitudinal surveys
2. Structured interviews
3. Ability tests
3. Which element is not normally part of a project’s resource management plan?
A). A listing of the resource requirements for the project
4. Why is critical thinking an important attribute for all project team members? (Select all that apply.)
1. Improves ability to understand how the use of language impacts others
2. Decreases the impact of bias, unstated assumptions, and emotional appeals
3. Prioritizes analyzing data and evidence to evaluate arguments and resolve issues
4. Improves ability to identify root causes of problems
5. Which statements reflect a servant leadership mindset? (Choose all that apply.)
1. Seeks growth and improvement in all team members
2. Exhibits a strong integrity principle
3. Emphasizes a coaching approach to managing people
4. Encourages collaboration and trust
5. Takes the perspective of others and maintains the best interest of others
6. What is the primary value of planning resource management for a project?
A). To establish the approach and the management effort level needed for managing project resources based on type and complexity of the project
7. What are three management techniques that can improve team performance?
A). Develop a team charter, set up a team collaboration environment, share leadership responsibilities
8. In what ways does an effective project manager demonstrate leadership? (Select all that apply.)
1. Shields the project team from the politics and noise surrounding the project
2. Looks for ways to motivate each team member and help them improve
3. Takes responsibility and accountability for the project
4. Exhibits a calm, confident aura when others are showing signs of issue or project stress
9. What variables can impact the leadership style needed on a given project?
A). Team experience level with type of project, maturity level of the project team, organizational governance structures, and location of project team members
10. In which stage of the Tuckman Ladder team development model do initial conflicts emerge?
A). Storming
11. What are some characteristics of high-performing teams?
A). They trust each other, collaborate well together, and accomplish more as a combined group than they could collectively as individuals.
12. What approaches are key to effectively address and resolve conflicts?
A). Keep communications open and respectful, focus on the issues (not the people), focus on the present and the future (not the past), and search for alternatives together
13. Which action item by the project manager may not help a new team member to be as productive as soon as possible?
A). Assign them a challenging work assignment as their first task.
14. What are some management principles that can maximize team performance?
A. Set clear expectations, recognize and reward, facilitate team synergy
15. What are the four primary components of leadership skills per PMI?
A). Establishing and maintaining vision, critical thinking, motivation, and interpersonal skills
16. What are the four aspects of emotional intelligence?
A). Self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, and social skill
17. What are examples of other team members, besides the project manager, providing leadership on a project? (Select all that apply.)
1. The project sponsor influencing organizational politics and providing commitment to the project plan
2. The product owner influencing and guiding stakeholder expectations
3. Senior management championing the business process changes that will result from the project to the impacted stakeholders
4. The technical leaders providing input on the direction and plan for the project
18. A project manager who remains calm under pressure, thinks before they act, can put themselves in the other person’s shoes, and naturally builds rapport with other people is exhibiting what skill?
A). Emotional intelligence
19. What is a benefit of making project decisions with the team?
A). It leverages the knowledge, expertise, and experience of diverse individuals.
final test
1. Agile uses a far more flexible scheduling approach by using time boxes or windows between the ceremonies. Which of the following is not an attribute of agile scheduling techniques
A). Progressive elaboration allows for details to be added during the retrospective
2. Which of the following is the least likely reason that work is provided in a time-box format for the majority of agile projects?
A). To ensure specific dates are met on a regular basis
3. When the organization is done developing the project results, these deliverables or features would be approved by what process tool?
A). Validation
4. What are two of the greatest benefits of using a quality audit during the project?
1. It employs an outside set of eyes to determine where improvements can be made.
2. The team can determine if the project is following the organization’s policies and procedures.
5. Which of the following would be the most beneficial key performance indicator of team cohesion?
A). The team seems to have a healthy culture of communication and trust.
6. Moving from a common workspace to remote work has been more common for several years. There are a number of advantages for both the organization and the employees, including all but which of the following?
A). Increases the level of communication and trust
7. Of the following, which will be the least important to the project team member who has expressed various emotional states due to ongoing time and budget pressures?
A). Processing all conditions without expressing any feeling so as to keep things professional
8. Your team has been using Kanban for the duration of your current project. One of the participants who just joined the team asks what the benefits are over planned work packages. You would explain all of the following except:
A). It works well for complex dependency relationships.
9. Someone asked if the documentation of project requirements is unique to agile type projects, and you tell them, “Yes.”
A). False
10. Of the following, which situation is least likely to be appropriate for your project backlog?
A). The user will specifically request to add items to the product backlog during the iteration.
11. Which of the following occurs latest in the closing phase?
A). The project file is officially closed.
12. Agile projects have epics and features. However, when it comes to features, they may have more than one user story applied to them.
A). True
13. Predictive teams frequently have a deadline for the overall project deliverable and don’t have a lot of flexibility. For this reason, they would be most likely to use tools for a start-to-finish approach. Which of the following are most likely the visual tools used for monitoring such projects? (Choose two.)
1. Gantt chart
2. Network diagram
14. At the initial stages of a project plan, the team will need to determine how delivery will be made. This could be in a single launch or delivery or could be incremental and delivered in stages. Of the following, which is not incremental in delivery?
A). The opening of a new retail store with grocery, clothing, and automotive sections
15. You are managing an Agile project and working with the team to determine the work for each sprint. When will your team most likely identify initial signs of any risks or potential issues during the sprint?
A). During the daily standup meeting
16. As the current project comes to a close, there is still about $40,000 to finish the work. The project has already spent $500,000 but was estimated originally to be $480,000. What is the “estimate to complete” from this information?
A). $40,000
17. The purpose of a bidder conference is most likely to include all of the following except:
A). The buyer provides an expected price they wish to pay.
18. It’s near the end of the day and you are frustrated to see that previous team members have taken shortcuts to coding, causing inefficiencies. These now need to be fixed before any of your tasks for the sprint can be started. What should you do?
A). Bring this up at the next daily standup meeting
19. The project team you manage is used to hybrid projects and shares both predictive and adaptive/agile tools with each other. The client you work with is more interested in seeing results rapidly than in long-term plans. Which of the following schedule models would be appropriate? (Choose two.)
1. Task board
2. Burnup chart
20. For the past many months, the team has worked with little direction from the project manager. The team gets together and determines the work to be done, how to do it, who will do it, and what the definition of done is. This is an agile team.
A). True
21. The team has just completed an unstructured brainstorming session and determined that the ideas may fall into a series of categories. Which of the following would be the best tool to sort these into useful groupings?
A). Affinity diagramming
21. When you’re communicating with stakeholders from different organizations, many forms of noise may distract from the message. Which of the following is least appropriate to refer to as noise in communication?
A). The topic brought to the group is new in nature, even if not complicated.
22. Senior management is asking you for advice on an upcoming project. This project is very different from what the organization has been used to because it is a large project with distinct phases. However, the requirements for each phase are not clear and will change regularly due to external business factors. You need to be able to keep track of these changing requirements, but the customer wants business value delivered frequently. ______ would be the advice you would give senior management.
A). We should use a hybrid approach
23. When projects experience risk conditions, the team will record them in the ________ and then ultimately consolidate into the ___________.
1. Risk repository
2. O Risk register
24. As the project manager, you will be responsible for several components of the schedule, well in advance of the execution of real work. Which of the following is least relative to the schedule management plan?
A). Stakeholder impact analysis
25. Last-minute changes were made recently to the training plan due to additional scope requirements. This is an acceptable choice to make in a predictive project.
A). True
26. Early in the project formation, the team begins to seek out stakeholders and specific requirements for their needs. Of the following, which are project stakeholder requirements? (Choose two.)
1. The maximum budget provided will be set at $350,000 for this project.
2. The project must be delivered by the end (last day) of the next quarter
27. All of the following terms may be used for projects with an ill-defined scope, schedule, and budget from the outset of execution but will implement work immediately and value will be delivered incrementally and iteratively EXCEPT which:
A). Classic project management
28. The concept of continuous improvement attends to uniform sales and consistent design, and maintains product quality.
A). False
29. During the latest software release that was provided to the client, several of the newest employees were confused because there are several terms for the release. All of the following would be appropriate except:
A). Backlog burndown
30. Audits would be completed for which of the following TWO purposes?
1. To assure that there is compliance with organizational requirements.
2. To offer productivity improvements on the existing project.
31. Project tolerances are usually defined early in the process and include categories such as budget, schedule, product quality, and specification limits.
A). True
32. When the development of the project has reached a point where it will be released to the end client, consumer, or general public, there is frequently a specific cutoff date or time, which is known as:
A). The go-live date
33. A new team member joined your group, and this person requires some help. It seems to them that you are not doing your job as a project manager because they expected you to give them assignments and specific due dates. However, it simply is not the way things are done within your group. What are some explanations? (Choose two.)
1. This is a very experienced team, and members have all of the technical and soft skills to perform undirected.
2. The team is self-organizing and has the skills to determine who should be working on which tasks.
34. You frequently will experience situations where others are facing greater turmoil than you are. If you wish to be empathetic toward those going through challenges, you will use which approaches: (Choose two.)
1. Putting effort toward providing help and recognizing needs of others
2. Carefully observing those around you and listening for situations you have been through
35. Projects that are known to have a high likelihood of change throughout the project, but a lower cost of change will likely use a number of additional tools, such as all of the following except:
A). Critical Path Method (CPM), which uses a predicted duration for the longest path.
36. The WBS dictionary is important to explain many of the work packages that the team has outlined. Which of the following items would certainly be included in a WBS dictionary? (Choose two.)
1. Description of the work
2. Acceptance criteria
37. Which of the following are the correct levels of stakeholder engagement from the assessment matrix? (Choose two.)
Unaware
2. Neutral
38. When dealing with two employees who have been bickering about a specific work task, you try to encourage them to find mutual solutions. Eventually, though, one individual decides that they just don’t want to keep discussing it and walks away saying, “You figure it out.” This would be most likely which conflict management approach?
A). Withdraw/avoid
39. You are halfway through a project and notice that during each sprint, team members do not know what tasks other team members are working on, nor are they aware of the status of tasks other than their own. What is the most likely reason for this?
A). Daily standup meetings have not taken place
40. When you’re working with your project stakeholders, there will clearly be situations in which varying styles of involvement will be necessary. All of the following are considered steps in assuring stakeholder involvement at various levels, except:
A). Avoiding overwhelming stakeholders with too much communication and limiting outreach to a minimum
41. Of the following, which two will more likely be negotiated in a project, regardless of the life cycle? (Choose two.)
1. Performance expectations
2. Warranty and future support
42. As a team member, you noticed that the project manager was identifying variances during the retrospective in the last sprint or iteration. The PM is likely doing this for all of the following reasons except:
A). Having a private conversation with the individual who caused the variance
43. A Pareto chart is used for ranking causes of problems from greatest to smallest with a cumulative curve above it but does not define the root problem.
A). True
44. When you are referring to team compliance efforts, all of the following must be addressed except one that would allow tailoring. Which of the following is the exception?
A). Team development
47. The current situation the team is facing requires lot of interaction with people from start to finish. Which of these may be considered a key stakeholder as opposed to non-key stakeholders in the project?
A). The individual who asked the project manager to hire the team and perform the work
48. Of the following options, which is least likely to be included in the contract with an external supplier?
A). Outline of the project budget
49. Assuring that you are working within a high-performance team is part of the project manager’s role. Of the following, which is the least relevant to the process of working with a high-performance team?
A). Directing the team’s daily activities through clear instructions
50. The project leader should be a shining example of cultural awareness, negotiation skills, and team building.
A). True
51. The risk management plan has a series of influences that keep the project team on their toes. When the team is making the initial plan, all of the following but which may be included in that plan?
A). Risk events that occur during the initial phase
52. Phases within a project may be sequential, overlapping, or a series of sequential and then overlapping, or overlapping and then sequential based on the specific tailoring of the project.
A). True
53. Two team members disagree about the purpose of the lessons learned exercise that occurs occasionally during the project. All of the following are significant aspects to a lessons learned exercise being successful except:
A). It will be highly beneficial for the short term as a learning tool.
54. Which of the following quality experts derived the concept of many small changes for improvements?
A). Kaizen
55. Risks are broken into two main categories: positive risks that are called opportunities and negative risks that are called threats.
A). True
56. When developing features into an initial list, the owner and the team will use multiple methods to determine the priority for each. Of the following, which is not one of the tools used in the agile methods for this purpose?
A). Network diagram
57. Of the following, which roles are a part of the project manager’s description during conflict? (Choose two.)
1. Facilitate the discussion to allow team members to resolve the conflict.
2. Incorporate interpersonal and team skills to encourage positive responses.
58. Your organization is looking to adopt an Agile approach for the first time for an upcoming systems implementation. One of the senior managers approaches you and mentions that he had read somewhere that Agile follows the concept of individuals and interaction over processes and tools and is asking you to clarify what that means. What would you tell the senior manager?
A). An empowered team is more important for success rather than following processes and tools.
59. You are currently working on a new and unique project requirement. The team recognizes the potential for all sorts of things to go wrong, but currently they don’t have the existing data from another group to determine how it will affect the project. Which classification would this fall under?
A). Known unknown
60. Throughout the life of the project, you have taken short spurts of time to work with the team to capture improvements in how to deliver a software package. These are usually fairly short meetings with the team. Which the following is the best description for this regular activity? A O Mid-iteration standup meeting to capture information with leader
A). End-of-iteration retrospectives with the team
61. The scope baseline should have the following three components: scope statement, cost estimates, and schedule milestones.
A). False
62. When calculating the cost performance index of the project at any point during the life of the project, which formula would you use?
A). Earned value divided by the actual cost
63. When you’re starting with a new team, it is best to help the group find a foundation through a lot of non-work-related efforts and time together. These team-building strategies would best be developed by _____________ or _____________ and making sure that they have a facilitator to expedite the unity.
1. Formal
2. Informal
64. The team is worried about how much they will be held accountable for failures of both work product and timing. Instead of focusing on their failures, you really wish to improve the team’s focus on success and giving team members the authority to make decisions moving forward. All of the following efforts will encourage such empowerment except:
A). Always looking to provide the work on time
65. Your team is currently deciding which method of managing an upcoming project will be most appropriate. Both broadly skilled internal team members and externally contracted subject matter experts will be involved for the duration of the project. Considering that the scope is mostly defined but will likely experience some changes, the group will likely elect
A). Hybrid methods
66. The smallest segment of work that may be produced at a given time and that still provides some value is essentially the definition of which term?
A). Minimum business increment
67.The project leader for any multinational organization should be focused on communication, openness, and diversity of staff to assure meeting expectations of different styles.
A). True
68. The team on which you work has completed a recent iteration. Performance reporting will likely include all of the following except:
A). Percent complete rule
69. The concept of servant leadership was new to your team because they focused on predictive project management in the past and now are leaning more toward a hybrid environment. All of the following would be the traits of a servant leader in this environment except:
A). Demonstrating skills in each area so that the team can emulate this individual.
70. A project that was defined some time ago could do which of the following if it is running into a time crunch to meet the expected mandatory delivery date? (Choose two.)
1. Reduce the scope somewhat to keep to the scheduled timeframe..
2. Add additional resources to the project for additional cost.
71. One of the skills that a project manager must include in their toolbox is helping to identify and fill in the gaps for a team’s skillset.
True
72. Recently, you moved from one group into another at your organization. The prior group was fairly uniform in hiring the same types of people, but this group has individuals representing many different characteristics, skills, backgrounds, and appearances. Of the following, all of these would be beneficial results to this group’s performance from diversity except:
A). Permitting the team to come to a quick result without as much debate.
73. Which of the following options are not considered interpersonal and team skills? (Choose two.)
1. Controlling teams
2. Scheduling tasks
74. When you are working with a project team to outline the ultimate risk priorities, they are frequently broken down into which areas? (Choose two.)
1. Likelihood
Impact
75. The senior management in your organization has recently heard about Agile as a new way of managing projects and is asking for your advice on whether Agile would be the right approach for the next systems implementation. What would be the best advice you can give them?
A). We should use an Agile suitability questionnaire to assess the culture of the organization, the skill sets of employees, and the project itself to determine whether Agile would be the right approach.
76. Several people are helping to plan an 80th birthday party for a family member. Which of the following options would most likely fall under product scope? (Choose two.)
1. The size, flavor, and color of the birthday cake.
2. How many chairs will be needed for the extended family
77. As the project manager for this team, you explain that the individuals who handle documents treat them diligently in modifications. When you’re relating some of the key aspects of version control, all of the following are applicable except:
A). It includes all aspects of the project, including handwritten reminders.
78. As a new project manager, you will be leading a team from the beginning for the first time. To make sure that things go well, you wish to assure that as many stakeholder requirements are met as possible. Of the following, which stakeholder category gets the highest attention from most teams?
A). User requirements
79. It is in any project team’s best interest to be aware of major risks and have a mental awareness of how certain risk events will affect the outcome. There have been many names for this tool or document. All of the following would be included except:
A). Quality plan
80. Feedback should always be formulated to provide positive comments to keep a pleasant environment.
A). False
81. Of the following, which is the least likely component of the project charter? A O Key stakeholder register
A). Outline of the primary staff expected to participate on the project
82. The types of resources most likely included in specific resource calendars would include all of the following except:
A). Email software
83. You have been waiting with your project team to get started on the next phase. However, you cannot do this until another project team starts their portion. You will basically be one step behind them until the project is completed. What is this an example of?
A). Start-to-start relationship
84. The stakeholders will be identified, categorized, and planned for engagement through a number of tools, including all except:
A). Located on the WBS
85.You have been working on the adaptive project with your team for many months. It appears that the project will be extended again because the client wishes to add even more features. You are uncertain how this will affect the budget. What is the best response?
A). Refer to the contractual agreement’s terms and conditions for added features.
86. When you are evaluating options for user preferences on requirements, which of the following is true about A/B testing?
A). It is used to optimize the solutions preferred by stakeholders.
87. A coworker who used to work with initial planning for long-term and complex interactions is now working with you on a project that exhibits rapid delivery and changing requirements. This person is curious about the differences, so you explain business value as important for all of the following reasons but one. Which one?
A). Meeting initial requests is the most important, so avoid changes where possible.
88. Which of the following are specifically artifacts that would be used in a Scrum framework for a project with a flexible scope? (Choose two.)
1. Burndown chart
2. Kanban board
89. Of the following, which items would not be relevant to a contract change control system? (Choose two.)
1.May permit the project contracts to be edited individually
2. May require all project changes to be approved by the supplier
90. Organizations that stay stagnant end up losing their market leadership capabilities. This situation is unfortunate but can be improved with a variety of skills, including all of the following except:
A). Encouraging the team to stay the course and keep to the established practices for uniformity
91. The team charter would support all of the following except:
A). Expressing the optimal outcome of the project work results
92. Considering that a specific project team works primarily with a collective and variety of subject matter experts, what might be the greatest issue observed in the team?
A). The possibility of a single point of failure due to resources having specific skills
93. To keep the team properly motivated, it is beneficial to provide rewards and recognition on a regular basis. Of the following, which would be considered a recognition method for someone on the team?
A). An individual receives positive comments in front of the entire department.
94. The team is working on a way to track all of the important information for how to manage similar projects in the future and realize that some of the results are based on _________, which allows for words, numbers, or images to get the message across, whereas other valuable information has to be more experiential in nature through _______.
1. Tacit knowledge
2. Explicit knowledge
95.The team is waiting on a customer to provide raw materials so that the project can move forward. Without the materials, the team is stuck. This dependency would be represented by which of the following terms? (Choose two.)
Mandatory
External
96. The agile team leader you have recently been assigned works differently than anyone you’ve worked with before. This leader explains that their goals are all of the following except:
A). Endlessly focusing on making sure the work is completed per the team’s planned schedule.
97. There have been several discussions about making sure that every one of the product requirements is satisfied. This is the last few days of the project, and you work with the team to complete which of the following?
A). Requirement validation
98. Ineffective conflict management methods on a project team can be catastrophic. Some of the most likely results include _______, _________, and _______.
1. Animosity among team members
2. Destructive behaviors
3. Reduced productivity
99. During lessons learned, the team’s staff and external suppliers may be involved. The group is looking to cover all of the following topics but which one?
A). Components of the project that were defects mostly due to typographical issues
101. Which of the following would be most appropriate for determining all stakeholder requirements?
A). Focus groups
102. As part of a project charter you were just reviewing, you noticed that it missed the mark on two key elements of success. Which words best describe what the project overview statement should include? (Choose two.)
1. Clarity
2. Brevity
103. Task identification for a construction project is most likely to occur during regular checkup sessions throughout the life of the project and will be added or removed as necessary.
A). False
104. The product roadmap is a strategic document that gives direction on how a product, service, or result will be delivered to meet the product vision.
True
105. The team is made up of many experts in various areas of the project. Frequently, the project manager is comfortable with giving direction to individuals and making choices for the team. This is best represented by which management style?
A). Autocratic
106. When outlining the initial expectations from all stakeholders, the team wishes to assure that a responsible person and feature/function are aligned with them. What is the best tool for this purpose?
A). Requirements traceability matrix
107. Of the following elements of a lessons learned exercise in a preplanned home renovation project, in a town you will likely not work in again, which is least useful to the construction manager who acted as project manager?
A). City building code lessons learned
108. As the project manager, you have asked one of your team members to estimate a number of tasks they will perform. They seem a bit resistant because they feel this is the project manager’s job and not theirs. You explain that, when estimating activities or tasks on a project, it is best for the individual doing the work to create the performance because (Choose two.)
1. Each individual should have a better concept of their own level of effort required.
2. The individual performing the work understands the risks.
109. When dealing with others on a team, you wish to encourage change. As a change catalyst, you would anticipate change, advocate for it, and question the current approaches.
A). True
110. During a negotiation with an external client, you have decided that for the sake of time, you cannot look for solutions that help with both parties and accept that both must give up something. This is an example of the compromising conflict management approach.
A). True
111. For the first time, you have been asked to select a supplier, but before doing so are interested in noting the source selection criteria. Of the following, which is least likely to be a source selection criterion?
A). Team location
112. After working on the project lessons learned in a few sessions after the project was done, the program manager suggests to the project manager that it is time to put this information into the permanent storage database. Where do they mean?
A). Lessons learned repository
113. Developing a project scope statement requires a series of tools. Of the following, which one is least likely to be a tool for this purpose?
A). Planning poker
114. All of the following methods would help with the collaboration of stakeholders except:
A). Keeping all of the communication to a planned format to avoid missing someone
115. The team has settled down to another end of iteration discussion about what went well and what did not. They are looking at the data and trying to determine which features and stories flowed well and which were a challenge. At the end of the discussion, they determine one process to change for the next iteration. This is known as a lessons learned exercise.
False
116. Actual cost is the measurement of work completed based on the plan value.
A). False
117. Several knowledge transfer techniques can be used to help organizations retain information and experience between staff. What are the top two?
1. Work shadowing
2. Facilitating special interest groups
118. Of the following terms used in adaptive or agile projects, which one will be most useful in keeping the project on track regularly?
A).Iteration reviews
119. What are the broad categories of risk classification? (Choose two.)
1. Source-based risk classification
2. Effect-based risk classification
120. Evaluating a project based on team development is difficult because people change, and the team members may change. However, team development is a necessary step for any organization that deals with longer-term projects. Of the following, which components would be most valuable to this process? (Choose two.)
1. Measuring trust and respect within the team dynamic
2. Noting the level of diversity and inclusion across the team
121..Use of a Gantt chart is primarily to show the work packages, sequencing, relationships, and resources in a visual format for faster interpretation by participants.
True
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