1. A distributed database management system (DDBMS) governs the storage and processing of logically related data over interconnected computer systems.
True
2. Vertical fragmentation refers to the division of a relation into attribute (column) subsets.
True
3. A distributed data management system (DDMS) that can grow dynamically without the limitation of physical space and power consumption, allowed this system to solve which shortcoming that affected the centralized database environment?
Scalability
4. The web is a repository for distributed data.
True
5. Current distributed database management systems (DDBMS) are subject to some problems, such as the complexity of management and control.
True
6. Distributed processing handles the database’s logical processing on only one physical independent site or system.
False
7. One of the advantages of a distributed database management system (DDBMS) is that the data is located near the site with the least demand.
False
8. The mobile wireless revolution helped to shape the need for a distributed database management system (DDBMS) today. In what manner has the DDBMS made it more efficient and available to access data from any mobile phone?
Data was geographically dispersed
9. Distributed processing does not require a distributed database, and a distributed database does not require distributed processing.
False
10. In order to manage distributed data, copies or parts of the database processing functions must be distributed to all data storage sites.
True
11. A database management system (DBMS) as well as a distributed DBMS or DDBMS must provide data privacy at both the local and remote locations. How can a system administrator ensure data remains private?
Enable security services
12. A distributed database management system (DDBMS) may not always have data replicated in other areas when first implemented. What should an administrator implement ahead of time so that issues do not arise when a datacenter goes down?
Run backup services
13. When interacting with a distributed database management system (DDBMS), raw data will be hard to read and understand. Along with building an application interface, what other function of the DDBMS should the system provide to be useful for a human to consume?
Formatting
14. Database security can provide data privacy by authorizing appropriate systems and users access to such data. What other function of a distributed database management system (DDBMS) can help lessen the chance hackers can gain access via scripting?
False
15. Considering a distributed database management system (DDBMS) that has multiple remote sites, which function would be most important to ensure data is replicated to all relevant storage locations?
I/O interface
16. In the single-site processing, single-site data (SPSD) scenario, all processing must be done on multiple end-user computer systems to function.
False
17. Administrators want to create a DDBMS that allows for wide access to users, but also prevent the saving of data that is not synced across all remote sites. How can administrators meet these requirements?
Use transaction transparency
18. A company has a DDBMS that is spread across multiple datacenters with varying network speeds. How can the company ensure its system is working as efficiently and cost-effective as can be?
Require performance transparency.
19. End users are not tech-savvy and will often not understand how the distributed database management system (DDBMS) is set up and where all remote sites are located. How can system administrators set up the DDBMS so that end users have an easier time finding the information they need?
Use the highest level of distribution transparency.
20. Distributed database systems do not require complex mechanisms to manage transactions and ensure the database’s consistency and integrity.
False
21. If a company has plateaued in its pursuit for better database processing solutions because of budget constraints, the centralized database management solution they are running is mostly experiencing which type of problem?
High costs
22. If a company’s database engineers have been so used to using a centralized database management system (DBMS) with set scripts and commands to operate databases locally, what disadvantage of a distributed DBMS could negatively impact the company for a short period?
Complexity of management and control
23. If a company implemented a distributed database management system (DDBMS), what feature could they see that would benefit the company in a positive manner?
Data access
24. If a company runs a multi-site processing, single-site data architecture what issues could end-users expect during peak hours of data requests (not updates)?
Slow response time
25. A single-site processing, single-site data (SPSD) scenario is a database management system that is practically ____ processing.
centralized
26. Multiple terminals accessing a database management system (DBMS) can still be referenced as a single-site processing, single-site data (SPSD) environment because of which important factors?
The TP and DP are embedded on the DBMS.
27. How would you change a network with a single-site processing, single-site data (SPSD) environment into a multiple-site processing, single-site data (MPSD) environment if there is only a single database repository?
Add at least one more transaction processor
28. Under the _____ scenario, all record- and file-locking activities are performed at the end-user location.
multiple-site processing, single-site data
29. _____ distributed database management systems (DDBMS) integrate multiple instances of the same DBMS over a network.
Homogeneous
30. A _____ distributed database system will support different database management systems (DBMS), each one supporting a different data model, running under different computer systems.
fully heterogeneous
31. A DDBMS is subject to which restriction?
Remote data access is provided on a read-only basis.
32. _____ transparency allows a physically dispersed database to be managed as though it were centralized.
Distribution
33. _____ transparency allows data to be updated simultaneously at several network sites.
Transaction
34. _____ transparency allows a DBMS to “scale out” in a transparent manner.
Performance
35. _____ transparency is the highest level of distributed transparency.
Fragmentation
36. A department user has a single SQL statement to process and does not have much time to wait for the data. The data only exists in one location. For the best possible performance, the user’s task should be treated as which of the following?
Remote request
37. The costs associated with a data request in a DDBMS are a function of all the following except for which?
Local storage cost
38. A database with multiple copies of each database fragment at multiple sites is considered to be a ____.
fully replicated database
39. When a DDBMS factors in access time into its optimization features, it is referring to ____.
I/O
40. Considering the CAP theorem, expecting data replicas to be updated immediately means to expect ____.
consistency
41. Using online movie ticket websites as an example, the CAP theorem recognizes ____ as paramount requirement for all web-centric organizations so that no received requests are ever lost.
availability
42. In a distributed database management system (DDBMS) where data is replicated to other remote sites for high availability, how is replica transparency beneficial especially when an end user makes an update to a table’s row?
Duplicate data is hidden until all remote site data are consistent
43. When achieving performance transparency on a distributed database management system (DDBMS), server administrators should highly consider which of the following factors when attempting to ensure all remote sites are as consistent as possible?
Network latency
44. An administrator has been tasked to accommodate the different work locations of two departments by configuring the distributed database management system (DDBMS) in a way so that each department has quick and easy access to specific information of the CUSTOMER table as needed. How should the database be structured?
Use vertical fragmentation
45. For a company who has multiple office locations but requires the help of two departments looking at specific information regarding customers, which is the best case for distributed database management system (DDBMS) design to accommodate an expanding organization?
Use a mixed fragmentation.
46. A distributed database management system (DDBMS) can reduce operations costs for all the following reasons except for which?
Complex management tools
47. Although many advantages were seen in implementing a distributed DBMS, a company is seeing some small issues after trying to recover the database in some remote sites. What parts of the DDBMS could be affected without proper backup and recovery processes?
Data integrity is not 100%.
48. Although a distributed DBMS can increase training costs, what are some appropriate things that a company can do to offset those costs without jeopardizing the successful implementation and operations of a distributed DBMS?
Reduce hardware costs.
49. When comparing the characteristics of a DBMS and a DDBMS, the concurrency control function would not be applicable to a DBMS because of which of the following?
The database is not fragmented.
50. While following the process into sending a query on a fully distributed database management system, why must the data be validated before its presented to the user when the query request was validated in the beginning?
Check the data for conditions.
51. Considering the move of services to the cloud, what customer demand is mostly contributing to the shift from operating on-premises and now to the cloud, especially when customers are working remotely or in mobile environments?
Increased need for web-based services
52. A fully distributed database management system is working as expected for a large company with four separate office buildings, each with their own database infrastructure. The data processors do not do any of the transaction processing. If necessary, how would the company increase transaction processing resources without affecting the host database systems?
Add more workstations to the network.
53. A distributed database system that favors relaxed consistency but is highly available would most likely be referenced as what type of DBMS?
No SQL DDBMS
54. If a highly consistent and highly available database management system (DBMS) was just introduced to a relaxed partition tolerance using an ACID transaction model, then the type of DBMS previously in use was most likely which of the following?
Centralized DBMS
55. Why would a website that deals with world-wide ticket sales favor a NoSQL DDBMS type of system when transaction consistency is most desirable in large DDBMS models?
It uses a BASE transaction model.
56. A growing online company specializing in herbal supplements has recently made a push to use a NoSQL DDBMS solution to take better care of its customers. The user base spans the entire world, but not all users are having the same experience. Management is afraid the company may lose customers unless its current system has migrated completely. Why has the company made such a drastic move towards a NoSQL DDBMS?
It has distributed data in multiple sites.
57. An end user wants to request information using the following SQL statement: SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CUST_DOB > ‘2000-01-01’;. If fragmentation transparency is supported, create a SQL statement that would be appropriate for the type of distribution transparency supported.
SELECT * FROM CUSTOMER WHERE CUST_DOB > ‘2000-01-01’;
58. If an organization has offices in New York, Atlanta, and Miami but only two of those offices support IT servers, how would a distributed database management system (DDBMS) fragment a table like CUSTOMER if each office should have quick access to their respective customer base?
Create two fragments; place one in New York and one in Atlanta.
59. If an end user is querying for information from a DDBMS that supports location transparency, but the information is found in three fragments A1, A2, and A3, where would the end user request information from, if all relevant information should be checked?
A1, A2, and A3
60. As a distributed database management system (DDBMS) architect, how would you create an environment that is fully distributed to provide high availability and high performance.
Three sites each with a DP host, two sites each with two TP servers.
61. Why would a company opt out of using a multiple-site processing, single-site data (MPSD) distributed database management system (DDBMS) when they would be better off using a single-site processing, single-site data (SPSD) environment?
Network connectivity is not reliable.
62. A large company with a very strict and specific set of standards in terms of hardware baselines and compatibility has opted to set up a distributed database management system (DDBMS) with a homogeneous type of multiple-site processing, multiple-site data (MPMD) environment. Why would the company use a homogeneous DDBMSs rather than a heterogeneous DDBMSs?
To manage a single DBMS
63. A large office supplier has hundreds of clients to service and must ensure its distributed database management system (DDBMS) continuous operations even if one or two nodes fail. What feature should a database administrator ensure is supported to satisfy the company’s network requirements?
Failure transparency
64. When there is fragmentation transparency in a distributed database management system (DDBMS), end users will have an easier time interacting with the database because of which of the following advantages?
No need to specify fragment or location name in SQL statement.
65. A new systems architect evaluated the company’s distributed database management system (DDBMS) and realized it had a medium level of location transparency. Which of the following clues may have influenced the architect’s conclusion?
The DBMS supports location transparency
66. In a fully distributed database management system (DDBMS) that requires data consistency among all locations, what other factor ensures a DDBMS functions properly throughout the entire network no matter where a request is referencing for data?
The DDC must maintain consistency.
67. In a distributed database management system (DDBMS), database fragment E1 is located at Site 1, database fragment E2 is located at site 2, and database fragment E3 is located at site 3. Which statement would most accurately explain the operations of data access in this type of environment?
Minimum storage is used at each site.
68. When using data replication features in a distributed database management system (DDBMS), how is the data from a divided database called “A,” handled between three sites to ensure data availability while using minimum? Choose the most accurate statement of the proper use for data replication in this case.
Site 2 stores a copy of A1 and A2. Site 1 stores copy of A1, and site 3 stores copy of A2
69. When comparing a distributed request to a remote transaction, a distributed request would cause multiple data processors to work together because of which of the following transaction characteristics?
A single SELECT statement references two tables: each at two different sites.
70. When comparing a remote request to a distributed transaction, a remote request would be easier to process because of which of the following characteristics?
It is processed by a single remote DP.
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