1.You are reading an article about a series of studies to validate a new instrument that measures user friendliness of a web site. As user friendliness is not observable, what type of validity would you expect to read about in the article?
A) Construct
2.True or false? Sample size calculation includes qualitative factors, such as ethics of exposing more participants than necessary to potential risks.
A) True
3.The researchers knew that the population’s members was composed of three subgroups: baccalaureate, master’s, and doctoral prepared. They wanted to capture any differing opinions among the three subgroups regarding clinical decision support systems. What type of sample should the researchers select?
A) Stratified random sample
4.What factor is the most important in the selection of a research design?
A) Purpose
5.What is the term for a technique of data collection that draws out perceptions and can bring out unarticulated knowledge through interviews with informants?
A) Elicitation
6.You want to minimize the limitations placed on the statistical analysis of your data. What format of items would you choose?
A) Numeric
7.The researchers selected their subjects to represent specific characteristics of the population that the researchers decided were typical and should be included. What type of sampling are the researchers performing?
A) Purposive
8.What is the term for a sample that was chosen because its members were easily accessible to the researchers and would provide a quick turnaround of the survey?
A) Convenience
9.What is the term for the omission of some elements of a population from the sampling frame?
A) Coverage error
10.You are an analyst for an integrated delivery system. To evaluate the system’s marketing strategy, you suggest a product survey that allows its patients to rate the system’s services in terms of adjectives that are polar opposites. What scale are your suggesting for the survey?
A) Semantic differential scale
11.You want to minimize your time tabulating your data. What type of question do you ask?
A) Structured
12.The survey asked the students to indicate the extent of agreement on the following scale: 1=Strongly Disagree; 2=Disagree; 3=Neutral; 4=Agree; 5=Strongly Agree. What type is this scale?
A) 5-point scale
13.To reach their desired number of subjects, the researchers were relying on the early subjects to give them names of additional subjects to recruit. What type of sampling are the researchers performing?
A) Snowball
14.What is the term used by researchers to mean a standardized, uniform way to collect data?
A) Instrument
15.What is the term indicating that the population is diverse?
A) Heterogeneous
16.You are reading an article about a series of studies to validate a new instrument that measures worker stress. According to the authors of the article, factor analysis showed that there were high correlations among the instrument’s variables. How do you interpret this information?
A) Good, evidence is being built that the instrument is measuring what it purports to measure
17.True or false? The data collection plan for quantitative studies should be indefinite so that researchers can take advantage of potential opportunities, such as previously unidentified informants and new questions.
A) False
18.A research team is developing a new instrument to assess the likelihood of patient compliance. In the lab simulation using college students as subjects, the interrater reliability was 0.88. When real patients completed the instrument during the pilot study, the interrater reliability was 0.46. How should these findings be interpreted?
A) Difference in the interrater reliabilities may have implications for the instrument’s reliability
19.What feature of a research study’s design relates to the procedures that researchers take to prevent bias and increase accuracy?
A) Internal validity
20.You are reading an article about a series of studies to validate a new instrument that measures usability of information systems and technologies. A section of the article is devoted to the instrument’s CVR and CVI. The authors stated that there was strong agreement among the experts. About what aspect of the instrument were the authors writing?
A) Content validity
21.What is a semantic differential scale?
A) Ratings of products between adjectives representing two polar opposites on the ends of the continua
22.The target audience for your research study is youth ages 15 through 24. You have found a paper-based version of a survey for adult women ages 25 through 34. You believe that this survey completely captures your research’s purpose. You check with your course instructor about converting the survey – as is and word-for-word – to a web-based form to administer via the Internet. Your course instructor warns you about the survey’s validity and reliability. What is your course instructor’s warning?
A) Validity and reliability of the web-based instrument must be confirmed which will require extra time and procedures to be included in the study.
23.You are reading an article about a new evaluation scale. The authors include two paragraphs about the instrument’s face validity. How do you interpret this information?
A) Skeptical, as face validity is a weak and problematic technique, establishing reliability at best
24.The researchers administered a survey to a group representative of the entire target population. What is the research term for this group?
A) Sample
25.You are reading an article about new instrument about facilitating patients’ involvement in their care. In the article, the authors discuss Cronbach’s alpha and the Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient. What aspect of their instrument are they discussing?
A) Reliability