1. …… is defined as a better way to manage large amounts of web- and sensor-generated data and derive business insight from this data while simultaneously providing high performance and scalability at a reasonable cost.  Big Data
2. ………. refers to the number of different values a column could have.   Data sparsity
3. ____ is the bottom-up process of identifying a higher-level, more generic entity super-type from lower-level entity subtypes.  Generalization
4. _____ data exist in the format in which they were collected.  Unstructured
5. _____ is the process the DBMS uses to verify that only registered users access the database.  Authentication
6. A _____ derives its name from the fact that a collection of multiple entries of the same type can exist for any single key attribute occurrence.  Repeating group
7. A _____ is a logically connected set of one or more fields that describes a person, place, or thing.  Record
8. A good database performance starts with good …  Database design.
9. A table is in 2NF when it is in ……………. and contains no partial dependencies.  1NF
10. A transaction log backup is responsible for?  Backing up only the transaction log operations that are not reflected in a previous backup copy of the database.
11. A transitive dependency exists when……………  A functional dependency exists only among nonprime attributes.
12. A(n) _____ cursor is automatically created in procedural SQL when the SQL statement returns only one value.  implicit
13. An atomic attribute _____   Cannot be further subdivided
14. An example of de-normalization is using a _____ de-normalized table to hold report data. This is required when creating a tabular report in which the columns represent data that are stored in the table as rows.  Temporary
15. Automatic query optimization means that the  DBMS finds the most cost-effective access path without user intervention
16. DBLC stands for…?  Database Life Cycle.
17. From a structural point of view, 2NF is better than _____.  1NF
18. From the performance point of view, _____ databases eliminate disk access bottlenecks.                                            In-memory
19. How many rows would be returned from a cross join of tables A and B, if A contains 8 rows and B contains 18?  144
20. Improving _____ leads to more flexible queries    Atomicity
21. In the context of total completeness, in a(n) _____, every super-type occurrence is a member of at least one subtype.    overlapping constraint
22. Lower normalization forms occur (and are even required) in specialized databases known as………….?  Data warehouse.
23. Operations that join tables can be classified as inner joins and outer joins. Which join is the traditional join in which only rows that meet a given criterion are selected?     Inner join
24. Paul design a database that stores information about the author, file name, size, date published for a book company. The data Paul stores in a database is an example of ______________   Metadata
25. Selecting database management system (DBMS) software is part of the _____ phase of the Database Life Cycle (DBLC).   database design
26. The “user data table space” serves which purpose?  store end-user data.
27. The ……………………stores the most recently executed SQL statements (after the SQL statements have been parsed by the optimizer)  SQL cache
28. The conversion to 2NF occurs only when the……………… has a composite primary key  1NF
29. The CREATE TABLE command lets you define constraints when you use the CONSTRAINT keyword, known as a(n) _____ constraint.   Table
30. The database contents are loaded during the _____ phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC).  Implementation
31. The DBLC is composed of how many phases?   6
32. The default comparison condition for the subtype discriminator attribute is the _____ comparison.  Equality
33. The Extended Entity Relationship Model (EERM) is also known as the ……………………  Enhanced entity relationship model.
34. The last phase of the Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is called..  Maintenance.
35. The majority of primary memory resources will be allocated to the _____ cache   Data
36. The model that represents a global view of the entire database by the entire organization is called the __________.  Conceptual model
37. The SQL aggregate function that gives the number of rows containing non-null values for a given column is _____   COUNT
38. The traditional Systems Development Life Cycle (SDLC) is divided into _____ phases. Five
39. There are three fundamental types of data. Which type of data is composed of any printable characters such as alphabetic values, digits, punctuation, and special characters   Character data.
40. There are two classical approaches to database design. Which design starts by identifying the data sets and then defines the data elements for each of those sets?  Top-down design
41. There are two classical approaches to database design. Which design first identifies the data elements (items) and then groups them together in data sets?  Bottom-up design
42. What is Index selectivity?    a measure of the likelihood that an index will be used in query processing.
43. What type of command does this SQL statement use?SELECT P_CODE, P_DESCRIPT, P_PRICE_V_NAMEFROM PRODUCT, VENDORWHERE PRODUCT.V_CODE=VENDOR. V_CODE   “old-style” join
44. When a table contains only one candidate key, _____ are considered to be equivalent  The 3NF and the BCNF
45. Which clause in a SELECT query filters the groups formed in the GROUP BY clause based on provided criteria.    HAVING clause
46. Which design philosophy is used when the system’s data component has a considerable number of entities and complex relations on which very complex operations are performed    Decentralized design
47. Which of the following is a hardware-induced database failure   Memory chip errors
48. Which relationship is one in which a relationship exists between occurrences of the same entity set?  Recursive relationship.
49. Which SQL RELATIONAL SET OPERATOR combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.  Except (Minus)
50. Within the operation modes classification, query optimisation algorithms can be?  Manual or automatic.

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